An Answer Page for Exercise 12

Exercise 12

Consider the following simple game:

Use two decks of cards to create a new deck consisting of any 36 red cards plus any 35 black cards. Shuffle this new 71-card deck and draw a card at random. If the chosen card is black, you win; if it's red you lose.

Show that the probability of winning this simple game is about the same as that for winning a pass line craps bet.

Let P   =   Pr( win )   =   35 / ( 35 + 36 )   =   35 / 71     0.492957746

In craps, the probability to win a pass line bet is   244 / 495     0.4929292929....
The two probabilities agree out to 4 decimal places.


How we came up with   35 / 71 :

If you expand   244 / 495 as a   continued fraction ,   the partial quotients are:
< 0, 2, 34, 1, 6 >.   So if you construct the table ( see Fig 1 ) that people usually build for
doing continued fraction work and look at the convergents,   the next to last one is   35 / 71.

 

 
  0 2 34 1 6
1 0 1 34 35 244
0 1 2 69 71 495

  Fig 1